文学 类型
7.5 豆瓣评分
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518千字 字数
1997-12-01 发行日期
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公元十三世纪意大利商人马可·波罗记述他经行地中海、欧亚大陆和游历中国的长篇游记。

内容简介

《马可波罗游记》是意大利有名旅行家和商人马可·波罗撰写的关于其东游的沿途见闻，这是人类历史上西方人感知东方的首部著作，它向整个欧洲打开了神秘的东方之门。

书中记录了中亚，西亚，东南亚等地区的许多国家的情况，而其重点部分则是关于中国的叙述，这些叙述在中古时代的地理学史，亚洲历史，中西交通史和中意关系史诸方面，都有着重要的历史价值，不仅是研究历史者的灯塔，为人们对元史的研究提供了一幅生动真实的社会经济生活画卷，也是一部地理学的重要指南。

目录

  • 版权信息
  • 出版说明
  • 序言
  • BOOK ONE
  • PROLOGUE
  • CHAPTER I
  • CHAPTER II Of Armenia Minor-Of the Port of Laiassus-And of the Boundaries of the Province
  • CHAPTER III Of the Province called Turkomania, where are the Cities of Kogni, Kaisariah, and Sevasta, and of its Commerce
  • CHAPTER IV Of Armenia Major, in which are the Cities of Arzingan, Argiron, and Darziz-Of the Castle of Paipurth-Of the Mountain where the Ark of Noah rested-Of the Boundaries of the Province-And of a Remarkable Fountain of Oil
  • CHAPTER V Of the Province of Zorzania and its Boundaries-Of the Pass where Alexander the Great constructed the Gate of Iron-And of the miraculous Circumstances attending a Fountain at Teflis
  • CHAPTER VI Of the Province of Mosul and its different Inhabitants-Of the People named Kurds-And of the Trade of this Country
  • CHAPTER VII Of the great City of Baldach or Bagadet, anciently called Babylon-Of the Navigation from thence to Balsara, situated in what is termed the Sea of India, but properly the Persian Gulf-And of the various Sciences studied in that City
  • CHAPTER VIII Concerning the Capture and Death of the Khalif of Baldach, and the miraculous Removal of a Mountain
  • CHAPTER IX Of the noble City of Tauris, in Irak, and of its Commercial and other Inhabitants
  • CHAPTER X Of the Monastery of Saint Barsamo, in the Neighbourhood of Tauris
  • CHAPTER XI Of the Province of Persia
  • CHAPTER XII Of the Names of the Eight Kingdoms that constitute the Province of Persia and of the Breed of Horses and of Asses found therein
  • CHAPTER XIII Of the City of Yasdi and its Manufactures, and of the Animals found in the Country between that place and Kierman
  • CHAPTER XIV Of the Kingdom of Kierman, by the Ancients named Karmania-Of its Fossil and Mineral Productions-Its Manufactures-Its Falcons-And of a great Descent observed upon passing out of that Country
  • CHAPTER XV Of the City of Kamandu, and District of Reobarle-Of certain Birds found there-Of a peculiar kind of Oxen-And of the Karaunas, a Tribe of Robbers
  • CHAPTER XVI Of the City of Ormus, situated on an Island not far from the Main, in the Sea of India-Of its Commercial Importance-And of the Hot Wind that blows there
  • CHAPTER XVII Of the Shipping employed at Ormus-Of the Season in which the Fruits are produced-And of the Manner of Living and Customs of the Inhabitants
  • CHAPTER XVIII Of the Country travelled over upon leaving Ormus, and returning to Kierman by a different Route; and of a Bitterness in the Bread occasioned by the Quality of the Water
  • CHAPTER XIX Of the Desert Country between Kierman and Kobiam, and of the Bitter Quality of the Water
  • CHAPTER XX Of the Town of Kobiam, and its Manufactures
  • CHAPTER XXI Of the Journey from Kobiam to the Province of Timochain on the Northern Confines of Persia-And of a Particular Species of Tree
  • CHAPTER XXII Of the Old Man of the Mountain-Of his Palace and Gardens-Of his Capture and his Death
  • CHAPTER XXIII Of a fertile Plain of six Days' Journey, succeeded by a Desert of eight, to be passed in the Way to the City of Sapurgan-Of the Excellent Melons produced there-And of the City of Balach
  • CHAPTER XXIV Of the Castle named Thaikan-Of the Manners of the Inhabitants-And of Salt-Hills
  • CHAPTER XXV Of the Town of Scassem, and of the Porcupines found there
  • CHAPTER XXVI Of the Province of Balashan-Of the Precious Stones found there and which become the Property of the King-Of the Horses and the Falcons of the Country-Of the Salubrious Air of the Mountains-And of the Dress with which the Women adorn their Persons
  • CHAPTER XXVII Of the Province of Bascià lying South of the former-Of the Golden Ornaments worn by the Inhabitants in their Ears-And of their Manners
  • CHAPTER XXVIII Of the Province of Kesmur situated towards the South-East-Of its Inhabitants who are skilled in Magic-Of their Communication with the Indian Sea-And of a Class of Hermits, their Mode of Life, and Extraordinary Abstinence
  • CHAPTER XXIX Of the Province of Vokhan-Of an Ascent for three Days, leading to the Summit of a High Mountain-Of a peculiar Breed of Sheep found there-Of the Effect of the great Elevation upon Fires-And of the Savage Life of the Inhabitants
  • CHAPTER XXX Of the City of Kashcar, and of the Commerce of its Inhabitants
  • CHAPTER XXXI Of the City of Samarcan, and of the Miraculous Column in the Church of St John the Baptist
  • CHAPTER XXXII Of the Province of Karkan, the Inhabitants of which are troubled with Swollen Legs and with Goitres
  • CHAPTER XXXIII Of the City of Kotan, which is abundantly supplied with all the Necessaries of Life
  • CHAPTER XXXIV Of the Province of Peyn-Of the Chalcedonies and Jasper found in its River-and of a Peculiar Custom with regard to Marriages
  • CHAPTER XXXV Of the Province of Charchan-Of the kinds of Stone found in its Rivers-And of the Necessity the Inhabitants are under, of flying to the Desert on the approach of the Armies of the Tartars
  • CHAPTER XXXVI Of the Town of Lop-Of the Desert in its Vicinity-And of the Strange Noises heard by those who pass over the latter
  • CHAPTER XXXVII Of the Province of Tanguth-Of the City of Sachion-Of the Custom observed there upon the Birth of a Male Child-And of the Ceremony of Burning the Bodies of the Dead
  • CHAPTER XXXVIII Of the District of Kamul, and of some peculiar Customs respecting the Entertainment of Strangers
  • CHAPTER XXXIX Of the City of Chinchitalas
  • CHAPTER XL Of the District of Succuir, where the Rhubarb is produced, and from whence it is carried to all parts of the World
  • CHAPTER XLI Of the City of Kampion, the principal one of the Province of Tanguth-Of the nature of their Idols, and of the Mode of Life of those amongst the Idolaters who are devoted to the services of Religion-Of the Almanac they make use of-And the Customs of the other Inhabitants with regard to Marriage
  • CHAPTER XLII Of the City of Ezina-Of the kinds of Cattle and Birds found there-And of a Desert extending Forty Days' Journey towards the North
  • CHAPTER XLIII Of the City of Kara-korum, the first in which the Tartars fixed their Residence
  • CHAPTER XLIV Of the Origin of the Kingdom of the Tartars-Of the Quarter from whence they came-And of their former Subjection to Un-khan, a Prince of the North, called also Prester John
  • CHAPTER XLV Concerning Chingis-khan, first Emperor of the Tartars, and his Warfare with Un-khan, whom he overthrew, and of whose Kingdom he possessed himself
  • CHAPTER XLVI Of six successive Emperors of the Tartars, and of the Ceremonies that take place when they are carried for Interment to the Mountain of Altaï
  • CHAPTER XLVII Of the Wandering Life of the Tartars-Of their Domestic Manners, their Food, and the Virtue and Useful Qualities of their Women
  • CHAPTER XLVIII Of the Celestial and Terrestrial Deities of the Tartars, and of their Modes of Worship-Of their Dress, Arms, Courage in Battle, Patience under Privations, and Obedience to their Leaders
  • CHAPTER XLIXc Of the Tartar Armies, and the manner in which they are constituted-Of their Order of Marching-Of their Provisions-And of their Mode of Attacking the Enemy
  • CHAPTER L Of the Rules of Justice observed by these People-And of an Imaginary Kind of Marriage contracted between the Deceased Children of Different Families
  • CHAPTER LI Of the Plain of Bargu near Kara-korum-Of the Customs of its Inhabitants-Of the Ocean, at the Distance of Forty Days' Journey from thence-Of the Falcons produced in the Country on its Borders-And of the Bearings of the Northern Constellation to an Obschmerver in those Parts
  • CHAPTER LII Of the Kingdom of Erginul, adjoining to that of Kampion, and of the City of Singui-Of a Species of Oxen covered with extremely fine Hair-Of the Form of the Animal that yields the Musk, and the Mode of taking it-And of the Customs of the Inhabitants of that Country, and the Beauty of the Women
  • CHAPTER LIII Of the Province of Egrigaia, and of the City of Kalacha-Of the Manners of its Inhabitants-And of the Camelots manufactured there
  • CHAPTER LIV Of the Province of Tenduk, governed by Princes of the Race of Prester John, and chiefly inhabited by Christians-Of the Ordination of their Priests-And of a Tribe of People called Argon, the most personable and the best-informed of any in these Countries
  • CHAPTER LV Of the Seat of Government of the Princes of the Family of Prester John, called Gog and Magog-Of the Manners of its Inhabitants-Of their Manufacture of Silk-And of the Mines of Silver worked there
  • CHAPTER LVI Of the City of Changa-nor-Of different Species of Cranes-And of Partridges and Quails bred in that Part by the Orders of the Grand Khan
  • CHAPTER LVII Of the Grand Khan's beautiful Palace in the City of Shandu-Of his Stud of White Brood-Mares, with whose Milk he performs an Annual Sacrifice-Of the wonderful Operations of the Astrologers on occasions of Bad Weather-Of the Ceremonies practised by them in the Hall of the Royal Palace-And of two Descriptions of Religious Mendicants, with their Modes of Living
  • BOOK TWO
  • CHAPTER I Of the admirable Deeds of Kublai-khan, the Emperor now reigning-Of the Battle he fought with Nayan, his Uncle, and of the Victory he obtained
  • CHAPTER II Of the Return of the Grand Khan to the City of Kanbalu after his Victory-Of the Honour he confers on the Christians, the Jews, the Mahometans, and the Idolaters, at their respective Festivals-And the Reason he assigns for his not becoming a Christian
  • CHAPTER III Of the kind of Rewards granted to those who conduct themselves well in Fight, and of the Golden Tablets which they receive
  • CHAPTER IV Of the Figure and Stature of the Grand Khan-Of his four principal Wives-And of the Annual Selection of Young Women for him in the Province of Ungut
  • CHAPTER V Of the number of the Grand Khan's Sons by his four Wives, whom he makes Kings of different Provinces, and of Chingis his First-born-Also of the Sons by his Concubines, whom he creates Lords
  • CHAPTER VI Of the great and admirable Palace of the Grand Khan, near to the City of Kanbalu
  • CHAPTER VII Of the new City of Tai-Du, built near to that of Kanbalu-Of a Rule observed respecting the Entertainment of Ambassadors-And of the nightly Police of the City
  • CHAPTER VIII Of the Treasonable Practices employed to cause the City of Kanbalu to rebel, and of the Apprehension and Punishment of those concerned
  • CHAPTER IX Of the Personal Guard of the Grand Khan
  • CHAPTER X Of the Style in which the Grand Khan holds his Public Courts, and sits at Table with all his Nobles-Of the Manner in which the Drinking Vessels of Gold and Silver, filled with the Milk of Mares and Camels, are disposed in the Hall-And of the Ceremony that takes place when he Drinks
  • CHAPTER XI Of the Festival that is kept throughout the Dominions of the Grand Khan on the Twenty-eighth of September, being the Anniversary of his Nativity
  • CHAPTER XII Of the White Feast, held on the First Day of the Month of February, being the Commencement of their Year-Of the Number of Presents then brought-And of the Ceremonies that take Place at a Table whereon is inscribed the Name of the Grand Khan
  • CHAPTER XIII Of the Quantity of Game taken and sent to the Court, during the Winter Months
  • CHAPTER XIV Of Leopards and Lynxes used for Hunting Deer-Of Lions habituated to the Chase of various Animals-And of Eagles taught to seize Wolves
  • CHAPTER XV Of two Brothers who are principal Officers of the Chase to the Grand Khan
  • CHAPTER XVI Of the Grand Khan's proceeding to the Chase, with his Gerfalcons and Hawks-Of his Falconers-And of his Tents
  • CHAPTER XVII Of the Multitude of Persons who continually resort to and depart from the City of Kanbalu-And of the Commerce of the Place
  • CHAPTER XVIII Of the kind of Paper Money issued by the Grand Khan, and made to pass current throughout his Dominions
  • CHAPTER XIV Of the Council of Twelve great Officers appointed for the Affairs of the Army, and of Twelve others, for the general Concerns of the Empire
  • CHAPTER XX Of the Places established on all the great Roads for supplying Post-Horses-Of the Couriers on Foot-And of the Mode in which the Expense is defrayed
  • CHAPTER XXI Of the Relief afforded by the Grand Khan to all the Provinces of his Empire, in Times of Dearth or Mortality of Cattle
  • CHAPTER XXII Of the Trees which he causes to be planted at the Sides of the Roads, and of the Order in which they are kept
  • CHAPTER XXIII Of the kind of Wine made in the Province of Cathay-And of the Stones used there for burning in the manner of Charcoal
  • CHAPTER XXIV Of the great and admirable Liberality exercised by the Grand Khan towards the Poor of Kanbalu, and other Persons who apply for Relief at his Court
  • CHAPTER XXV Of the Astrologers of the City of Kanbalu
  • CHAPTER XXVI Of the Religion of the Tartars-Of the Opinions they hold respecting the Soul-And of some of their Customs
  • CHAPTER XXVII Of the River named Pulisangan, and of the Bridge over it
  • CHAPTER XXVIII Of the City of Gouza
  • CHAPTER XXIX Of the Kingdom of Ta-in-fu
  • CHAPTER XXX Of the City of Pi-an-fu
  • CHAPTER XXXI Of the Fortress of Thai-gin or Tai-gin
  • CHAPTER XXXII Of the very large and noble River called the Kara-moran
  • CHAPTER XXXIII Of the City of Ka-chan-fu
  • CHAPTER XXXIV Of the City of Ken-zan-fu
  • CHAPTER XXXV Of the Boundaries of Cathay and Manji
  • CHAPTER XXXVI Of the Province of Sin-din-fu, and of the great River Kian
  • CHAPTER XXXVII Of the Province of Thebeth
  • CHAPTER XXXVIII Of the Province of Kain-du
  • CHAPTER XXXIX Of the great Province of Karaian, and of Yachi its principal City
  • CHAPTER XL Of the Province named Karazan
  • CHAPTER XLI Of the Province of Kardandan and the City of Vochang
  • CHAPTER XLII Of the Manner in which the Grand Khan effected the Conquest of the Kingdom of Mien and Bangala
  • CHAPTER XLIII Of an Uninhabited Region, and of the Kingdom of Mien
  • CHAPTER XLIV Of the City of Mien, and of a grand Sepulchre of its King
  • CHAPTER XLV Of the Province of Bangala
  • CHAPTER XLVI Of the Province of Kangigu
  • CHAPTER XLVII Of the Province of Amu
  • CHAPTER XLVIII Of Tholoman
  • CHAPTER XLIX Of the Cities of Chintigui, Sidin-fu, Gin-gui, and Pazan-fu
  • CHAPTER L Of the City of Chan-glu
  • CHAPTER LI Of the City of Chan-gli
  • CHAPTER LII Of the City of Tudin-fu
  • CHAPTER LIII Of the City of Singui-matu
  • CHAPTER LIV Of the great River called the Kara-moran, and of the Cities of Koi-gan-zu and Kuan-zu
  • CHAPTER LV Of the most noble Province of Manji, and of the Manner in which it was Subdued by the Grand Khan
  • CHAPTER LVI Of the City of Koi-gan-zu
  • CHAPTER LVII Of the Town of Pau-ghin
  • CHAPTER LVIII Of the City of Kain
  • CHAPTER LIX Of the Cities of Tin-gui and Chin-gui
  • CHAPTER LX Of the City of Yan-gui, of which Marco Polo held the Government
  • CHAPTER LXI Of the Province of Nan-ghin
  • CHAPTER LXII Of the City of Sa-yan-fu, that was taken by the means of Nicolo and Maffeo Polo
  • CHAPTER LXIII Of the City of Sin-gui and of the very great River Kiang
  • CHAPTER LXIV Of the City of Kayn-gui
  • CHAPTER LXV Of the City of Chan-ghian-fu
  • CHAPTER LXVI Of the City of Tin-gui-gui
  • CHAPTER LXVII Of the Cities of Sin-gui and Va-giu
  • CHAPTER LXVIII Of the noble and magnificent City of Kin-sai
  • CHAPTER LXIX Of the Revenues of the Grand Khan
  • CHAPTER LXX Of the City of Ta-pin-zu
  • CHAPTER LXXI Of the City of Uguiu
  • CHAPTER LXXII Of the Cities of Gen-gui, Zen-gian, and Gie-za
  • CHAPTER LXXIII Of the Kingdom or Viceroyalty of Kon-cha, and its Capital City named Fu-giu
  • CHAPTER LXXIV Of the City of Kue-lin-fu
  • CHAPTER LXXV Of the City of Un-guen
  • CHAPTER LXXVI Of the City of Kan-giu
  • CHAPTER LXXVII Of the City and Port of Zai-tun, and the City of Tin-gui
  • BOOK III
  • CHAPTER I Of India, distinguished into the Greater, Lesser, and Middle-Of the Manners and Customs of its Inhabitants-Of many remarkable and extraordinary Things to be observed there; and, in the first place, of the kind of Vessels employed in Navigation
  • CHAPTER II Of the Island of Zipangu
  • CHAPTER III Of the nature of the Idols Worshipped in Zipangu, and of the People being addicted to eating Human Flesh
  • CHAPTER IV Of the Sea of Chin, between this Island and the Province of Manji
  • CHAPTER V Of the Gulf of Keinan, and of its Rivers
  • CHAPTER VI Of the Country of Ziamba, of the King of that Country, and of his becoming Tributary to the Grand Khan
  • CHAPTER VII Of the Island of Java
  • CHAPTER VIII Of the Islands of Sondur and Kondur, and of the Country of Lochac
  • CHAPTER IX Of the Island of Pentan, and of the Kingdom of Malaiur
  • CHAPTER X Of the Island of Java Minor
  • CHAPTER XI Of the Kingdom of Felech, in the Island of Java Minor
  • CHAPTER XII Of the Second Kingdom, named Basman
  • CHAPTER XIII Of the Third Kingdom, named Samara
  • CHAPTER XIV Of the Fourth Kingdom, named Dragoian
  • CHAPTER XV Of the Fifth Kingdom, named Lambri
  • CHAPTER XVI Of the Sixth Kingdom, named Fanfur, where Meal is procured from a certain Tree
  • CHAPTER XVII Of the Island of Nocueran
  • CHAPTER XVIII Of the Island of Angaman
  • CHAPTER XIX Of the Island of Zeilan
  • CHAPTER XX Of the Province of Maabar
  • CHAPTER XXI Of the Kingdom of Murphili or Monsul
  • CHAPTER XXII Of the Province of Lac, Loac, or Lar
  • CHAPTER XXIII Of the Island of Zeilan
  • CHAPTER XXIV Of the City of Kael
  • CHAPTER XXV Of the Kingdom of Koulam
  • CHAPTER XXVI Of Komari
  • CHAPTER XXVII Of the Kingdom of Dely
  • CHAPTER XXVIII Of Malabar
  • CHAPTER XXIX Of the Kingdom of Guzzerat
  • CHAPTER XXx Of the Kingdom of Kanan
  • CHAPTER XXXI Of the Kingdom of Kambaia
  • CHAPTER XXXII Of the Kingdom of Servenath
  • CHAPTER XXXIII Of the Kingdom of Kesmacoran
  • CHAPTER XXXIV Of the Islands of Males and of Females
  • CHAPTER XXXV Of the Island of Soccotera
  • CHAPTER XXXVI Of the great Island of Madagascar
  • CHAPTER XXXVII Of the Island of Zenzibar
  • CHAPTER XXXVIII Of the multitude of Islands in the Indian Sea
  • CHAPTER XXXIX Of the Second or Middle India, named Abascia (or Abyssinia)
  • CHAPTER XL Of the Province of Aden
  • CHAPTER XLI Of the City of Escier
  • CHAPTER XLII Of the City of Dulfar
  • CHAPTER XLIII Of the City of Kalayati
  • CHAPTER XLIV Of Ormus
  • CHAPTER XLV Of those Countries which are termed the Region of Darkness
  • CHAPTER XLVI Of the Province of Russia
  • CHAPTER XLVII Of Great Turkey
  • CHAPTER XLVIII What the Grand Khan said of the Injuries done to him by Kaidu
  • CHAPTER XLIX Of the Daughter of King Kaidu, how strong and valiant she was
  • CHAPTER L How Abaga sent Argon his Son with an Army
  • CHAPTER LI How Argon succeeded his Father in the Sovereignty
  • CHAPTER LII How Acomat went with his Host to fight Argon
  • CHAPTER LIII How Argon held Council with his Barons before encountering Acomat
  • CHAPTER LIV How the Barons replied to Argon
  • CHAPTER LV How Argon sent his Messengers to Acomat
  • CHAPTER LVI Acomat's Reply to the Message of Argon
  • CHAPTER LVII The Battle between Argon and Acomat
  • CHAPTER LVIII How Argon was liberated
  • CHAPTER LIX How Argon recovered the Sovereignty
  • CHAPTER LX How Argon caused his Uncle Acomat to be put to death
  • CHAPTER LXI The Death of Argon
  • CHAPTER LXII How Quiacatu seized upon the Sovereignty after the Death of Argon
  • CHAPTER LXIII How Baidu seized upon the Sovereignty after the Death of Quiacatu
  • CHAPTER LXIV Of the Lords of the Tartars of the West
  • CHAPTER LXV Of the War between Alau and Berca, and the Battle they fought
  • CHAPTER LXVI How Berca and his Host went to meet Alau
  • CHAPTER LXVII Alau's Address to his Men
  • CHAPTER LXVIII Of the great Battle between Alau and Berca
  • CHAPTER LXIX How Totamangu was Lord of the Tartars of the West
  • CHAPTER LXX How Toctai Sent for Nogai to Court
  • CHAPTER LXXI How Toctai proceeded against Nogai
  • KEY TO SELECTED PLACE NAMES IN THE TEXT
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